Private and Stable Test-Time Adaptation with Differential Privacy 文章

arXiv:2606.01908v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Test-time adaptation (TTA) can reduce error on new and different data by updating the model on these inputs during inference. However, these updates raise the issue of privacy w.r.t. the testing data, because the model parameters now depend on all past inputs. To control this privacy risk, we cast multiple popular TTA methods (Tent, EATA, SAR, DeYO, and COME) into differential privacy (DP) forms that apply per-sample gradient clipping and Gaussian noise for all updates. On ImageNet-C, our DP-TTA methods provide adequate privacy at small cost to accuracy, and in the low-privacy regime the clipping mechanism of DP can even improve the accuracy and stability of adaptation in the continual setting. These improvements to privacy and accuracy come at only modest computational overhead.