Large-Scale AI and Foundation Models for Neuroscience: A Comprehensive Review 文章

arXiv:2510.16658v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The development of large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) models is influencing neuroscience research by enabling end-to-end learning from raw brain signals and neural data. In this paper, we review applications of large-scale AI models across four major neuroscience domains: neuroimaging and data processing, brain-computer interfaces and neural decoding, clinical decision support and translational frameworks, and disease-specific applications across neurological and psychiatric disorders. These models show potential to address major computational neuroscience challenges, including multimodal neural data integration, spatiotemporal pattern interpretation, and the development of translational frameworks for clinical research.