SleepVLM: Explainable and Rule-Grounded Sleep Staging via a Vision-Language Model 文章

arXiv:2603.26738v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While automated sleep staging has achieved expert-level accuracy, its clinical adoption is hindered by a lack of auditable reasoning. We introduce SleepVLM, a rule-grounded vision-language model (VLM) that stages sleep from multi-channel polysomnography (PSG) waveform images and generates clinician-readable rationales based on American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) scoring criteria. Utilizing waveform-perceptual pre-training and rule-grounded supervised fine-tuning, SleepVLM achieved Cohen's kappa of 0.767 on a held-out test set (MASS-SS1) and 0.743 on an external cohort (ZUAMHCS), matching state-of-the-art performance. Independent expert evaluation by two trained sleep technologists further validated the model's reasoning quality, with mean scores of 3.75-3.96 out of 5 across factual accuracy, evidence comprehensiveness, and logical coherence on both datasets.