Why Specialist Models Still Matter: A Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Paradigm for Medical Artificial Intelligence 文章

arXiv:2605.29744v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The impressive performance of generalist large language models (LLMs) such as GPT and Claude in healthcare raises a critical question: will domain-specific medical specialist models become obsolete? We argue that the future of medical artificial intelligence (AI) lies not in building monolithic medical foundation models, nor in replacing human expertise, but in orchestrating collaboration among generalist LLMs, domain-specific specialist models, and clinicians. We propose HetMedAgent, a heterogeneous medical multi-agent framework that enables conflict-aware evidence fusion, uncertainty-based clinician intervention triggering, and adaptive threshold calibration.