Design of Analog Filters 论文

摘要

PREFACE 1. Introduction 1.1 Fundamentals 1.2 Types of Filters and Descriptive Terminology 1.4 Why We Use Analog Filters Problems 2. Operational Amplifiers 2.1 Operational Amplifier Models 2.2 Op-Amp Slew Rate 2.3 The Operational Amplifier with Resistive Feedback-Non-Inverting and Inverting Amplifiers 2.4 Analysis Op-Amp Circuits 2.5 Block Diagrams and Feedback 2.6 The Voltage Follower 2.7 Addition and Subtraction 2.8 Applications of Op-Amp Resistor Circuits Problems 3. First-Order Filters: Bilinear Transfer Functions and Frequency Response 3.1 Bilinear Transfer Functions and Its Parts 3.2 Realization with Passive Elements 3.3 Bode Plots 3.4 Active Realizations 3.5 The Effect of A(s) 3.6 Cascade Design 3.8 And Now Design Problems 4. Second-Order Lowpass and Bandpass Filters 4.1 Design Parameters - Q and W 4.2 The Second-Order Circuits 4.3 Frequency Response of Lowpass and Bandpass Circuits 4.4 Integrators - The Effects of A(s) 4.5 Other Biquads Problems 5. Second-Order Filters with Arbitrary Transmission Zeroes 5.1 Using Summing 5.2 By Voltage FeedForward 5.3 Cascade Design Revisited Problems 6. Lowpass Filters with Maximally Flat Magnitude 6.1 The Ideal Lowpass Filter 6.2 Butterworth Response 6.3 Butterworth Pole Locations 6.4 Lowpass Filter Specifications 6.5 Arbitrary Transmission Zeroes Problems 7. Lowpass Filters with Maximally Flat Magnitude 7.1 Lissajou Figures 7.2 The Chebyshev Magnitude Response 7.3 Location of Chebyshev Poles 7.4 Comparison of Maximally Flat and Equal-Ripple Responses 7.5 Chebyshev Filter Design Problems 8. Inverse Chebyshev and Cauer Filters 8.1 The Inverse Chebyshev Response 8.2 From Specifications to Pole and Zero Locations 8.3 Cauer Magnitude Response 8.4 Chebyshev Rational Functions 8.5 Cauer Filter Design 8.6 Comparison of the Classical Filter Responses Problems 9. Frequency Transmission 9.1 Lowpass-to-Highpass Transformation 9.2 Lowpass-to-Highpass Transformation 9.3 Lowpass-to-Band-Elimination Transformation 9.4 Lowpass-to-Multiple Passband Transformation 9.5 The Foster Reactance Function Problems 10. Delay Filters 10.1 Time Delay and Transfer Functions 10.2 Bessel-Thomson Response 10.3 Bessel Polynomials 10.4 Further Comparisons of Responses 10.5 Design of Bessel-Thomson Filters 10.6 Equal-Ripple Delay Response 10.7 Approxmating an Ideal Delay Function 10.8 Improving High-Frequency Attenuation Generating Gain Boosts Problems 11. Delay Equalization 11.1 Equalization Procedures 11.2 Equalization with First-Order Modules 11.3 Equalization with Second-Order Modules 11.4 Estimating the Number of Sections Needed for Equalization Problems 12. Sensitivity 12.1 Definition of Bode Sensitivity 12.2 Second-Order Sections 12.3 High-Order Filters Problems 13. LC Ladder Filters 13.1 Some Properties of Lossless Ladders 13.2 A Synthesis Strategy 13.3 Tables for Other Responses 13.4 General Ladder Design Methods 13.5 Frequency Transformation 13.6 Design of Passive Equalizers Problems 14. Ladder Simulations by Element Replacement 14.1 The General Impedance Converter 14.2 Optimal Design of the GIC 14.3 Realizing Simple Ladders 14.4 Gorski-Popiel's Embedding Technique 14.5 Bruton's FDNR Technique 14.6 Creativing Negative Components Problems 15. Operational Simulations of Ladders 15.1 Simulation of Lowpass Ladder 15.2 Design of General Ladders 15.3 Bandpass Ladders Problems 16. Oscillators 16.1 Unintentional Oscillators 16.2 The Oscillator Feedback Loop 16.3 Automatic Gain Control 16.4 The Wein Bridge Oscillator 16.5 The RC Phase Shift Oscillator 16.6 The Active-Bandpass-Filter Oscillator Problems 17. Transconductance-C Filters 17.1 Transconducting Cells 17.2 Elementary Transconductor Building Blocks 17.3 First- and Second-Order Filters 17.4 High-Order Filters 17.5 Automatic Tuning Problems 18. Switched-Capacitor Filters 18.1 The Moss Switch 18.2 The Switched Capacitor 18.3 First-Order Building Blocks 18.4 Second-Order Building Blocks 18.5 Sampled-Data Operation 18.6 Switched-Capacitor First- and Second-Order Sections 18.7 The Bilinear Transformation 18.8 Design of Switched-Capacitor Cascade Filters 18.9 Design of Switched-Capacitor Ladder Filters Problems REFERENCES APPENDICES A1 Introduction to MATLAB A2 Introduction to Electronics Workbench