Shelved optical electron amplifier: Observation of quantum jumps 论文

摘要

We demonstrate here the direct observation of quantum jumps between the ${6}^{2}$${\mathrm{S}}_{1/2}$ state and the ${5}^{2}$${\mathrm{D}}_{5/2}$ state of an individual laser-cooled ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ ions contained in a radio-frequency trap. The state detection and cooling are performed by two lasers which cause ${6}^{2}$${\mathrm{S}}_{1/2}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}6}^{2}$${\mathrm{P}}_{1/2}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}5}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{3/2}$ transitions. Incoherent excitation to the ${5}^{2}$${\mathrm{D}}_{5/2}$ state (via the ${6}^{2}$${\mathrm{P}}_{3/2}$ level) causes the fluorescence from the ${6}^{2}$${\mathrm{P}}_{1/2}$ state to be suppressed for >30-sec lifetime of that state, after which the fluorescence reappears. The resulting ``telegraph signal'' provides a direct monitor of the atomic state.