State-Insensitive Cooling and Trapping of Single Atoms in an Optical Cavity 论文

摘要

Single cesium atoms are cooled and trapped inside a small optical cavity by way of a novel far-off-resonance dipole-force trap, with observed lifetimes of $2--3\text{ }\mathrm{s}$. Trapped atoms are observed continuously via transmission of a strongly coupled probe beam, with individual events lasting $\ensuremath{\simeq}1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{s}$. The loss of successive atoms from the trap $N\ensuremath{\ge}3\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ is thereby monitored in real time. Trapping, cooling, and interactions with strong coupling are enabled by the trap potential, for which the center-of-mass motion is only weakly dependent on the atom's internal state.