Probability, Stochastic Processes, and Queueing Theory: The Mathematics of Computer Performance Modeling 论文

详细信息

发表期刊/会议

Journal of the American Statistical Association

发表日期

1998-09-01

发表年份

1998

摘要

There are three types: E -an exercise that requires only algebraic manipulation M -a mathematical derivation is required to do the problem Rthe problem is a research problem.An exercise is distinguished from a derivation in that the answer proceeds directly from material in the text and does not require additional analysis.Research problems differ from derivations in that they require more independent work by the student and may require outside reading.For each type of problem, there are three levels of difficulty:1 -easy and straightforward, 2 -moderate difficulty, 3hard or requires a critical insight.Combining these parts yields nine different ratings.For example, a rating of E2 corresponds to an exercise that requires a moderate amount of calculation, and a rating of M3 is a difficult mathematical derivation that requires some clever reasoning.Research problems have the following interpretations:Rl -A discussion problem that is posed to provoke thought, R2 -A problem that requires a nonobvious creative solution, R3 -A problem that could be considered to be a research contribution.