The unwillingness‐to‐communicate scale: Development and validation 论文
1976Communication Monographs引用 411
Communication in Education and HealthcareEducational Methods and Teacher DevelopmentJob Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
详细信息
- 发表期刊/会议
- Communication Monographs
- 发表日期
- 1976-03-01
- 发表年份
- 1976
关键词
Communication in Education and HealthcareEducational Methods and Teacher DevelopmentJob Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
摘要
The construct of unwillingness to communicate represents a global predisposition to avoid communication, whether due to apprehension, alienation, low self‐esteem, introversion, or other causes. The lines of research supporting the existence of the construct are discussed. The program of research leading to the present form of the Unwillingness‐to‐Communicate Scale is reported, including results of two studies that have provided reliability and validity data. Based on factor analysis results, a 20‐item instrument with two factors, reward and approach‐avoidance, is recommended for research use.